Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2013 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 8 Articles
Depression is a mood disorder; it has been treated and classified in a number of ways. Herbal preparations used by many people for the treatment of depression and a search for novel anti-depressant plants has been progressed significantly in the past few decades. The potential of the herbal remedies has been evaluated by using various animal models. This review deals with the various herbal extracts and their chemical constituents that are beneficial in the treatment of depression. Herbal plants have shown the anti-depressant effect by virtue of the combined effect of their chemical constituents. A large number of synthetic anti-depressant drugs have been used to treat the depression in the clinically depressed patients but they have the side effects. So, to overcome these effects we have a need of herbal anti-depressants. Herbal remedies that have demonstrable psychotherapeutic activities have provided a potential to treat depression and deserve increased attention in future studies. The present review deals with the herbal plants and the plant based preparation having anti-depressant potential in the animal models and are used clinically. These studies have provided useful information for the development of new pharmacotherapies from herbal plants for use in clinical psychiatry....
The pharmacological evaluation of the aqueous (AET) and ethanolic extracts (EET) of Adenanthera pavonina leaf was carried out for its anti-arthritic and antioxidant potential in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. The study revealed the predominant anti-arthritic activity of ethanolic extract and it was concluded based upon the histopathological study and paw volume examination. The biological defence system constituting superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxides (GPX), ascorbic acid and Vitamin E showed significant increase while the lipid peroxide content was found decreased to a large extent on both AET and EET treatment there by indicating the antioxidant property and indirectly to support anti- arthritic potential of the plant. Further it was concluded that the antioxidant property of the plant might be due to the presence of phytoconstituents like flavonoids, stigmasterol and triterpenoids in the ethanolic extract....
The use of plants as medicines represents by far the biggest human use of the natural world. Plants provide the predominant ingredients of medicines in most medical traditions. Changing forest land to agriculture may, in the short term, slightly enhance the nutritional status of some people, yet leads to a loss of important medicinal plants and can expose them to diseases resulting from ecosystem imbalance. Conservation of such an important medicinal plant is crucial need today. A review highlighting various in vitro protocols developement for selected rare and threatened plant species of wild has been done to highlight current research needs and the significance of ex situ conservation in cases where regeneration through conventional methods is difficult to undertake and species are left with low population in the wild....
The present study was designed to investigate the interaction of Allium sativum Linn (Garlic) and Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. (Gymnema) for their antihyperlipidemic activity by using the laboratory animals. The hyperlipidemia was induced by atherogenic diet in Sprague Dawely female rats weighing 200-250 gms. Hydroalcoholic extract of the Allium sativum Linn bulb and Hydroalcoholic extract of Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. leaves were administered in dose of 200 mg/Kg body weigth, p.o. (orally) individually and in combination of 100 mg/Kg of both the extracts as well as 300 mg/Kg of both the extracts to atherogenic diet induced rats for seven days. After seven days, blood samples were collected from the animal and serum was separated from each sample and serum samples were analyzed spectrophotometrically for the estimation of serum lipid profile using diagnostic kits. Statistical analysis of the result was done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s test. Data were considered statistically significant at P value < 0.05. The result showed that treatment of rats with single and combined extracts gave rise to highly significant reductions in serum total cholesterol, serum triglyceride level, LDL, VLDL, atherogenic index and elevation in the serum HDL-C level and HDL- ratio. It was concluded from the study that antihyperlipidemic activity of combined extract of Garlic and Gymnema is higher in low dose combination and highest in high dose combination than individual extracts of garlic and Gymnema....
In the present study, the essential oil isolated from the fruits of Piper longum (Piperaceae) by hydro distillation was analyzed by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and evaluated for in-vitro antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity was assessed by using three different in-vitro assays i.e. Diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenging (DPPH), Hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging (H2O2), and Metal chelating assays. The total phenolic content was also estimated by Folin–Ciocalteu assay method. The GC-MS analysis of essential oil led to the identification and quantification of 49 components. The major components are trans-caryophyllene (17.696 %), pentadecane (9.950 %), beta-bisabolene (8.449 %), 8-heptadecene (8.101 %), cyclopentadecane (7.439 %), n-heptadecane (6.433 %), alpha-cubebene (5.610 %), pentadec-1-ene (5.080 %), beta-cubebene (4.539 %), alpha-humulene (4.497 %), beta-selinene (3.773 %), (-)-caryophyllene oxide (2.422 %), nonadecene (2.173 %) which accounted for 86.162 % of the total. The radical-scavenging activity of oil was found to be increased with the increasing concentrations of oil. IC50 value for DPPH radical-scavenging activity of oil, BHT and BHA was found to be 75 ± 0.5, 19 ± 0.1 and 18.3 ± 0.1 μg/ml respectively. IC50 for H2O2 scavenging activity of oil, BHT and BHA was found 120 ± 0.6, 40 ± 0.2 and 54.0 ± 0.2 μg/ml respectively. The tested oil and EDTA exhibited good Fe2+ chelating ability with IC50 value of 201 ± 1.8 and 220 ± 0.2 μg/ml respectively. The total phenol content in oil was found to be 0.36 mg/g in gallic acid equivalents. Thus the plant oil is found to be a new candidate for in-vitro antioxidant activity....
The present study was focused on the nephroprotective activity of n-butanolic extract of the whole plant of Hemidesmus indicus on gentamicin induced nephrotoxic model.HPLC studies quantified 7.67%w/w of lupeol in the extract.Gentamicin was given to Albino rats at 100mg/kg of body weight to induce toxicity.Nephrotoxicity was confirmed by the elevationin the blood parameters namely serum creatinine, urea and blood urea nitrogen (BUN).The study also compares the activity of lupeol on the rat kidney.The study confirmed the nephroprotective effect of the extract due to acomparative decrease in the blood parameters and antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase (SOD),glutathione reductase (GSH) and lipid peroxidase (TBARS). Further the histopathological changes showing reduction in the glomerularcongestionof rat kidney proves the activity....
Phyllostachys genera belonging to bamboos, which are perennial grasses distributed widely in Asian countries including Korea, China and Japan. Bamboo, a tall grass family with about 1,500 species included in 87 genera worldwide, bamboos are unevenly distributed in different parts of the humid tropical, sub-tropical and temperate regions. The Phyllostachys nigra, family gramineae (grass family), has been indicated as cardio protective, antipyretic, diuretic, antitussive, expectorant and sedative. The compiled data may be helpful for the researchers to focus on the priority areas of research yet to be discovered. Complete information about the plant has been collected from various books, journals etc. Journals of the last 20 years were searched. This review is summarizes the Chemical constituents and therapeutics claims of Phyllostachys nigra....
Cancer is a multifactorial, many-sided and multimechanistic disease requiring a multidimensional approach for its treatment, control and prevention. Many plants and there components have been identified as possessing potential chemopreventive properties able to inhibiting, retarding or reversing the multistage process. The significant return claimed for therapeutic use of medicinal plants in cancer due to their safety besides being economical, effective and their easy availability....
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